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Correlations largely determine the benefits of diversification. The lower the correlation between assets, the better the diversification. It is common practice in finance to measure correlations using...

Why would anyone with a long enough time horizon invest in anything other than equities, given they have the highest expected return? The discussion has reignited following an article titled Beyond...

“In the short run, the market is a voting machine but in the long run, it is a weighing machine” is attributed to Benjamin Graham. Another industry giant, John Bogle, categorized total stock market returns...

Unlike the realized past, the future always involves uncertainty. The uncertainty related to risk has a variety of implications that are not widely recognized. We will show analytically and demonstrate...